Purpose
Burn scar contractures of the nose can form quickly, posing functional and cosmetic challenges to individuals. Occupational therapists must provide early interventions to ensure best outcomes are achieved through use of scar massage, splinting, use of compression and silicone therapies. This study aimed to 1. Review the literature to determine what devices are described in studies to prevent burn scar contractures of the nose and 2. Explore devices used in clinical practice by occupational therapists to prevent burn scar contractures of the nose.
Methods
A scoping review of six databases was conducted to search for journal articles published between 1st of January 2008 to the 7th of August 2023. An online survey was distributed to specialist occupational therapists working in burns units across Australia and New Zealand.
Results
The initial search identified 66 studies, however the final number of studies meeting the inclusion criteria was four. Devices described in literature include thermoplastic nasal splints, nasal apertures, conjoint prothesis, a hard Uvex compression mask, nasal conformers, 3D printed transparent face masks, and nasal stents. Findings from the clinician survey included use of nostril retainers, nasal specs, silicone moulds, nose conformers, Koken nose splints, nasopharyngeal tubing, and snore stoppers.
Conclusion
Burn injuries are classified as catastrophic injuries and burn injuries to the face can have functional and cosmetic consequences. Little objective and subjective data have been reported in the literature, therefore, the impact on – self-esteem and satisfaction are unknown. This is an area that remains largely unexplored for individuals with burn injuries to their nose.